Mikola Voronii Kindratovich

Prominent Ukrainian writer, translator, theater director, actor, social and political activist and theater scholar. Known under the pseudonyms Harlekin, Vishchy Oleg, Homo, Kindratovych, Mykolchyk, M. V., K-ich M, M-U-ko and others.

Mykola Voronyi was one of the founders of the Ukrainian Central Council and the National Theater. He is also known as the director of this theater.

Vorony was married to Vera, the daughter of Mykola Verbytsky, and is the father of the poet Mark Vorony.

Biography

Mykola Voronyi was born in the family of a craftsman. He began his education in Kharkiv and Rostov real schools, from where he was expelled for his connections with populists. Later he studied at the University of Vienna and Lviv at the Faculty of Philosophy.

In Lviv, he met Ivan Franko and worked as a librarian and proofreader at the Scientific Society named after Shevchenko, as well as a director at the "Russian Conversation" theater. He helped Ivan Franko in publishing the newspapers "Hromadsky Golos" and "Radykal" and was the unofficial editor of "Zorya" magazine.

Since 1897, Voronyi worked as an actor in the troupes of M. Kropyvnytskyi and P. Saksaganskyi. After leaving the stage in 1901, he worked in various institutions in Katerynodar, Kharkiv, Odessa and Chernihiv.

In 1910, he settled in Kyiv, where he worked in M. Sadovsky's theater and taught at a theater school. In 1917, he became one of the founders of the Ukrainian Central Council and the Ukrainian National Theater.

In 1920, he emigrated to Warsaw, where his collection of poems "For Ukraine" was published. Later he moved to Lviv, where he taught at the Ukrainian drama school at the M. Lysenko Music Institute.

After returning to the Ukrainian SSR in 1926, Voronyi taught at the Kharkiv Music and Drama Institute and worked in Kyiv. In 1934, he was arrested on charges of espionage. On June 7, 1938, he was shot in Odessa. Rehabilitated on November 10, 1957.

Literary creativity

Mykola Voronyi started writing poetry while studying at the Kharkiv Real School. His first publications appeared in 1893. It was actively published in various periodicals, such as "Zorya", "Literary and Scientific Bulletin", "Zasiv", "Dzvin" and others.

In 1899, he wrote his most famous work, the poem "Yevshan Potion". In 1901, he invited writers to participate in the almanac "From Above the Clouds and Valleys", which he published in 1903.

Mykola Voronoi's first collection "Lyric Poems" was published in 1911, and the next collection "In the Light of Dreams" in 1913. His poetry was marked by musicality, freshness of images and philosophical depth.

Voroniy also wrote art studies and theater studies, including "Theatrical Art and Ukrainian Theater" (1912) and "Theatre and Drama" (1913). He is also the author of a number of literary articles and theater reviews.

Poetic collections

• Lyric poems (1911)
• In the Light of Dreams (1913)
• Yevshan potion (1917)
• For Ukraine! (1921)

Commemoration

In Kyiv there is a street of Rodina Voronykh. Streets in Drohobych, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kalush, Lviv, Odesa, Rivne, Chernihiv are named after Mykola Voroni.